新人教版高中英语必修1 Unit 1 知识清单+巩固练习+答案
知识清单
1.volunteer n. 志愿者
（1）做志愿者:work as a volunteer
（2）做志愿工作:do volunteer work
（3）做一名志愿者绝不是容易的事.
Being a volunteer is anything but an easy job.
volunteer v.自愿做; 义务做
（1）自愿做某事volunteer to do sth
（2）自愿为某事效劳volunteer for sth
——voluntary自愿的、志愿的
2.debate vi/vt辩论；争论
（1）关于......进行辩论 debate on/over
（2）和......辩论 debate with sb
debate n.辩论；争论
（1）在争论中under debate
（2）人们对校车安全问题议论纷纷。
There has been much debate on the safety of school buses.
3.prefer更喜欢
（1）更喜欢某事 prefer sth.
（2）更喜欢做某事 prefer to do/doing sth
（4）喜欢A多于B prefer A to B
（5）比起做B更喜欢做A
prefer doing A to doing B
prefer to do A rather than B
（6）比起徒步旅行，许多男孩更喜欢踢足球。
Many boys prefer playing football to hiking
Many boys prefer to play football rather than hike.
4.content n.内容；目录；主题；满足；
(1)在内容和形式上 in content and form
(2)尽情地；心满意足地 to ones heart content
content adj. 满足的；满意的；
（1）满足的表情 a content expression
（2）对......感到满足、满意 be content with/
（3）愿意做某事 be content to do sth
content vt. 使满意
使某人、自己对......满意 content sb with sth
5.suitable adj. 合适的；适用的
（1）对......适合的 be suitable for sth/doing sth
（2）适合做某事 be suitable to do sth
（3）这些鞋不适合在乡下散步。
These shoes are not suitable for walking in the country..
（4）我认为我不适合这个岗位。
I don’t think I should be suitable for the post.
6.challenge 挑战；艰巨任务
（1）做某事的挑战 the challenge of doing sth
（2）面对挑战 face a challenge
（3）迎接挑战 meet a challenge
（4）接受挑战 accept/take up a challenge
（6）就我而言，我下定决心接受挑战。
As far as I’m concerned, I’m determined to take up/accept the challenge.
challenge v.t 向(某人)挑战
向某人挑战某事 challenge sb to do sth
——challenging adj. 挑战性的，考验能力
7.confusing难以理解的；不清楚的；
（1）觉得......令人困惑find sth confusing
（2）对......来说令人困惑的 be confusing for sb
confuse——使糊涂；使迷惑；
（1）使某人困惑confuse sb
（2）把和弄混confuse A with B
confused——糊涂的；迷惑的
be confused about... 对......感到困惑
confusion——困惑；混淆
in confusion 困囧地
8.graduate vi/vt 毕业；获得学位， n 毕业生
我们祝贺他从哈佛大学毕业了。
We congratulated him on having graduated from Harvard University.
--graduation n.毕业
那是我们毕业后的第一份工作。
It was my first job after graduation.
9.recommend vt. 建议；推荐；介绍
( 1)向某人推荐、介绍某物 recommend sth to sb
( 2)推荐某人做（某职位）recommend sb for
(3)推荐某人作为...... recommend sb as
(4)建议做某事 recommend doing sth
(5)他建议我们读一读那部小说。
He recommended that we should read the novel.
10.quit v. 停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）
(1)休学、退学 quit school
(2)辞掉工作 quit one’s job
(3)离职 quit office
(4)戒烟 quit smoking
(5)那位组长经常在晚上七点左右就停止学习去散步。
The group leader often quits studying to take a walk at about seven pm.
11.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的
(1)对......、负责 be responsible for
他仍然觉得对病人的死亡负有责任。
He still felt responsible for the patient’ s death.
--- responsibility n. 责任；义务
(1)负责做某事
take the responsibility of/for doing sth
(2)有做某事的责任
have a/the responsibility to do sth
12.schedule. n. 工作计划；日程安排; v. 安排；预定
(1)按预定时间 on schedule
(2)提前 ahead of schedule
(3)落后于预定时间 behind the schedule
(4)你已经安排了考试日程吗？
Have you made the examination schedule.
13.expert n.专家；行家
(1)在......方面是行家 an expert on/at /in
(2)西蒙不仅是我们的校长，也是一名教育专家。
Simon is not only our headmaster, but also an expert in education.
expert adj 熟练的；内行的；专家的
(1)在......方面在行
be expert at /in doing sth.
(2)琳达在寻找有用的学习信息方面很在行。
Linda is expert in/at finding useful information about study.
14.attract vt. 吸引；引起......的注意,
(1)吸引很大的兴趣 attract a lot of interest
(2)吸引某人的注意 attract one’s attention
(3)喜爱 be attracted to...
(4)被......吸引be attracted by...
----attraction n. 有吸引力的事物
----attractive adj. 吸引人的
对孩子们有吸引力
be attractive to children
***重点短语***
1.clean up. 打扫（或清除）干净
(1)除去、扫除 clean off
(2)我打算在这个夏天毕业后把我的旧书清理干净。
I plan to clean up my old books after I graduate this summer.
更多：
( 1)整理、收拾: tidy up
( 2)整理，放晴 clear up
2.sign up(for sth )报名（参加课程）
(1)签名 sign one’s name
(2)签到，签退 sign in/out
(3)示意某人做某事sign to sb to do sth
(5)要报名成为会员，请填写这张表格。
To sign up for membership, please fill in the form.
---sign n.迹象
......的迹象 a sign of...
3.focus on... 集中；特别关注
(1)把心思集中在 focus one’s mind on...
(2)聚精会神于focus one’s attention on...
(3)今天，我们要重点讨论师生之间的新关系。
Today, we are going to focus on the new relationship between teachers and students.
更多：
(1)注意 留意 pay attention to...
(2)集中于；专心于concentrate on...
4. be addicted to... 对......入迷
( 1）习惯于 be used to...
（2）注意 pay attention to...
（3）期盼 look forward to...
（4）致力于 devote oneself to...
提示：这几个短语里的to均为介词。
***重点句型***
1.so that 引导状语从句
（1）我会自己想方法改进，这样我明年就能入选球队了。
I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
（2）查尔斯认为很多人想要赚许多钱，因为这样的话他们就不会再有任何烦恼了？
Charles believes that many people want to earn a lot of money so that they will not have any worries.
2.make it+adj+不定式
（1）但是花太多时间在网上是不健康的，使得很难集中注意力在生活中的其他事情上。
But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things.
（2）计算机技术让很多人可以在家里工作。
Computer technology makes it possible for many people to work at home.
3.这/那是因为 This/that/it is because
（1）I guess its because they are adults and can’t understand me.
我想是因为他们都是成年人了，不能理解我。
（2）He practise speaking English every day, at least three hours a day. This is why he makes great progress in English.
= The reason why he makes great progress in English is that he practise speaking English every day, at least three hours a day.
他天天练习说英语，每天至少三个小时。这是他英语进步的很大的原因。
4.too ...to...太......而不能......、
（1）There is a girl I like in my class, but I’m too shy to talk to her.
班上有个我喜欢的女孩，但是我太害羞了，不敢和他说话。
（2）You are too young to understand such things.
你太年轻，不懂得这样的事情。
巩固练习
一、重要短语
1. 喜欢...多于... _______
2. 打扫干净_______
3. 对...适合 _______
4. 向某人挑战... _______
5. 在...很流利 _______
6. 从...毕业_______
7. 建议做... _______
8. 向某人推荐... _______
9. 建议某人做... _______
10. 报名（参加课程）_______
11. 放弃做... _______
12. 对...负责_______
13. 计划做... _______
14. 喜爱_______
15. 集中，特别关注 _______
16. 对...入迷_______
二、词形转换
1.volunteer → adj. ______（自愿的;志愿的）
2.prefer → n. _________ (偏爱；优先)
3.suit→adj. _________
4.actual →adv. _________
5.challenge →adj. _________
6.confuse→ adj. _________ (令人困惑的)
→ adj._________ (感到困惑的；不解的)
7.fluent → adv. _________
→ n. _________
8.graduate → n. _________ (毕业)
9.obvious → adv. _________
10.responsible → n. _________
11.behave → n. _________
12.survive → n. _________ (生存；幸存)
→ n. _______( 幸存者；生还者)
13.attract → n. _________
→ adj. _________
三、单词拼写
1._________（实际上） we do have a position in mind. Why don't you fill out our application?
2.The role will be one of the biggest ___________（挑战）of his acting career.
3.Unusually, for a Japanese politician, he's a ________（流利的）English speaker.
4.My daughter has ________（毕业）from university for 3 years.
5.Mother always ___________（建议）me to read more books in freetime.
6.There are _______（额外的）benefits for people on low wages.
7.__________（明显地）, I'd be disappointed if we don't make it.
8.My uncle hasn't been able to _______（戒掉）smoking.
9.When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat— a _________ (十几岁) football player.
10. There has been heated________(讨论) about whether the film should be allowed.
四、单句语法填空
1. Of the two readable books, which do you think is ________(suit) one for me to read?
2. There was a __________look on his face when he met with the__________problem.
(confuse)
3. The little girl preferred _______ (go) to the cinema rather than _______ (stay) at home alone that night.
4. Jenny said she preferred _______ (send) emails to _______ (post) letters.
5. It is recommended that the machine ___________(check) every year.
6. I recommend this book ____ anyone with an interest in chemistry.
7. This attracts more people to sign up ____ courses，discussions and lectures.
8. As she has been in England for many years, she is fluent ____ English.
9. I have to put it away and focus my attention ____ study this week.
10. As the boy is addicted to _________(play) computer games，he has lost all interest in his lessons.
11. He finished his homework ________ advance.
12. The room is dirty; please help me to clean _______.
13. The meeting __________(schedule) to last three days.
14. The worker played the piano _________ ( expert)
15. He accepted his friend's challenge _______(swim) across the river.
五、完成句子
1. 很高兴收到你来信征求我的建议。
__________________.
2. 我强烈建议你报名参加课外（extra-curricular）活动.
__________________.
3. 我希望我的建议对你有帮助。
__________________.
参考答案
一、重要短语
1. prefer...to... 2. clean up 3. be suitable for 4. challenge sb to sth
5. be fluent in 6. graduate from 7. recommend/ suggest/advise doing sth 8. recommend sb sth/ recommend sth to sb 9. recommend sb to do sth/ recommend that sb should do 10. sign up for 11. quit doing 12. be responsible for 13. be scheduled to do/ plan to do 14. be attracted to 15. focus on 16. be addicted to
二、词形转换
1.voluntary 2.preference 3.suitable 4.actually 5.challenging
6.confusing /confused 7.fluently /fluency 8. graduation 9.obviously
10.responsibility 11.behaviour/behavior 12.survival/survivor 13. attraction/ attractive
三、单词拼写
1. Actually; 2. challenges; 3. fluent; 4. graduated; 5. recommends/ recommended 6. extra; 7. Obviously; 8. quit; 9.teenage; 10. debate;
四、单句语法填空
1. suitable 2. confused;confusing 3. to go; stay 4. sending; posting
5. (should) be checked 6.to 7.for 8.in 9.on 10. playing
11. in 12. up 13. is scheduled 14. expertly 15. to swim
五、完成句子
1. I am glad/happy to receive your letter asking for my advice.
2. I highly recommend that you (should ) sign up for extra-curricular activities.
It is highly recommended that you (should) sign up for extra-curricular activities.
3. I hope my advice will be helpful to you.
I hope my advice will be of help to you.
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